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GRUB2 及启动过程详解
作者 : 南瓜剪子
2016 年 7 月 28 日
1 . 概述 ............................................................................................................................................ 2
2 . CentOS7 中 GRUB2 ..................................................................................................................... 2
3 . GRUB2 的
bootstrap image 文件
. ............................................................................................. 3
3 .1. boot.img ............................................................................................................................ 3
3 .2. diskboot.img ...................................................................................................................... 4
3 .3. kernel.img
.......................................................................................................................... 4
3 .4. core.img
. ............................................................................................................................ 4
3 .5. *.mod
. ................................................................................................................................ 4
4 . 对比 GRUB Legacy ...................................................................................................................... 5
4 .1. stage1 ................................................................................................................................ 5
4 .2. *_stage1_5 ........................................................................................................................ 5
4 .3. stage2 ................................................................................................................................ 5
5 . grub2 - mkimage 定制 core.img ................................................................................................... 6
6 . GRUB2 安装 ................................................................................................................................ 7
6 .1. Linux 是怎么命名设备 (/dev/sda)
. .................................................................................... 7
6 .2. MBR(Master Boot Record)
. ................................................................................................ 8
6 .3. MBR 分区表 DPT(Disk Partition Table) ........................................................................... 1 0
6 .4. LBA and CHS ..................................................................................................................... 1 4
6.4.1. CHS(cylinders - heads - sectors)
. ............................................................................... 1 4
6.4.2. LBA(Logical Block Address)
. ................................................................................... 1 4
6 .5. boot.img 和 core.img 安装 ............................................................................................. 1 5
6 .6. 硬盘总结 ........................................................................................................................ 1 8
7 . 启动过程 ................................................................................................................................... 1 9
7 .1. BIOS ................................................................................................................................. 1 9
7 .2. GRUB2 中 boot.img ......................................................................................................... 2 0
7.2.1. Step1 无条件跳转 ................................................................................................ 2 0
7.2.2. Step2 初始化 ....................................................................................................... 2 0
7.2.3. Step3 判断硬盘是否支持 LBA 还是只支持 CHS ................................................ 2 2
7.2.4. Step4 采用 LBA 加载 core.img 第一个扇区 ....................................................... 2 3
7.2.5. Step5 拷贝 core.img 第一个扇区到内存指定位置
. ........................................... 2 5
7.2.6. Step6 执行 core.img 第一条语句 ....................................................................... 2 7
7.2.7. Step7 boot.img 总结
............................................................................................. 2 7
7 .3. GRUB2 中 core.img .......................................................................................................... 2 8
7.3.1. diskboot.img
. ......................................................................................................... 2 8
7.3.2. GRUB2 core Startup .............................................................................................. 3 4
7.3.3. GRUB 主函数即 GRUB 主要功能 ......................................................................... 3 7
7.3.4. 加载 Linux Kernel
. ................................................................................................ 3 8
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